New York: Binance, the world's largest cryptocurrency exchange, has reported a theft of more than $6 billion in what blockchain firms and experts believe could be the biggest cryptocurrency heist on record.

The company said on Friday that it had reserved more than $6.34 billion in corporate funds to cover the stolen assets and had begun efforts to recover them for users. Binance has also worked with blockchain partners to freeze approximately $3 billion in affected assets.

The exchange has pledged to cover all losses and has been issuing regular updates on its social media channels as its investigation progresses.

"We are working nonstop to resolve this," Binance co-CEO Richard Teng said in a video posted on X on Friday.

US President Donald Trump said US officials were investigating the incident. Asked by reporters at the White House whether North Korea was involved, Trump said: "We're looking at that."

The suspected involvement of a North Korean hacking group, the scale of the theft and questions over Binance's security systems have drawn attention to the incident.

North Korean hacking group suspected

Binance said an initial investigation suggested that the incident may have involved a compromised laptop. However, further inquiries uncovered additional "points of breach", the company said on X.

US-based blockchain intelligence firm TRM attributed the attack to TraderTraitor, which it described as an elite North Korean hacking unit.

In a post on its website late Thursday, the firm said: "We make this judgment with high confidence."

"An attacker moved approximately $6.36 billion out of Binance wallets on ten blockchains, most of it in about 20 minutes," TRM said, adding that several features of the attack matched previous incidents linked to North Korea.

Chainalysis also believed the hack was likely carried out by TraderTraitor, the firm's co-founder and CEO Jonathan Levin said in a post on X.

Asked about the possible connection to North Korea, a Binance spokesperson said the company was "working closely with our law enforcement partners to confirm the identity of the criminals and bring them to justice".

Experts say North Korea has increasingly relied on cryptocurrency theft and other illicit cyber activities to generate foreign currency for its economy and fund its nuclear programme, amid international sanctions and other economic difficulties.

In December 2022, South Korea's spy agency said North Korean hackers had stolen an estimated 1.5 trillion won in cryptocurrency and other virtual assets over the preceding five years, with more than half of the amount stolen in 2022 alone.

The agency said North Korea's ability to steal digital assets was considered among the strongest in the world.

Why the Binance hack is being called the biggest crypto theft

TRM and several other cryptocurrency firms and experts have described the incident as the largest cryptocurrency theft on record.

However, the full extent of the losses and the amount that can ultimately be recovered remain uncertain.

Approximately half of the stolen assets have been frozen, but some of the remaining funds are already being transferred and converted, according to independent cryptocurrency analyst Garrick Hileman.

He said the hackers could use cryptocurrency mixers or tumblers to make the stolen funds harder to trace by combining them with other digital assets.

"Like in money laundering, you bring in the stolen goods and launder those through a mixer or tumbler," Hileman said.

"You mix it in with other cryptos, and it's harder to track."

It remains unclear how long it will take the attackers to convert the remaining assets into usable funds, he added.

"There are places in the world where you can take your bitcoin and get that converted," Hileman said.

The reported scale of the Binance theft exceeds the $1.5 billion loss suffered by cryptocurrency exchange Bybit in February 2025. The FBI attributed that attack to North Korea and its TraderTraitor hacking unit.

TRM also cited similarities between the Binance incident and previous attacks linked to the group, including the Bybit hack.

Binance founder Changpeng Zhao said on X that the latest incident might be the largest in dollar value, but previous attacks, including the theft involving cryptocurrency exchange Mt. Gox, had a more substantial impact in terms of the amount of bitcoin affected.

Cybersecurity experts have warned that attacks of this scale could become more common as threats grow more sophisticated.

"A cyber attack of this level is a matter of when, not if, particularly alongside the rise of AI," said Andy Ward, senior vice-president at Absolute Security.

He added that the growing sophistication and spread of cyber threats could lead to an even larger attack with greater financial consequences.

Security controls and Binance's response under scrutiny

The incident has raised questions about the security controls governing access to Binance's wallets.

Kok Tin Gan, co-founder and CEO of cybersecurity firm NyxLab, questioned why stronger approval requirements were not in place.

"This looks like one signature that gave the attacker a never-expiring, full-access token to a Binance hot wallet," he said.

Hot wallets are cryptocurrency wallets connected to the internet and used to facilitate transactions. They hold the private keys that authorise access to digital assets.

In a nearly five-minute video posted on X on Friday, Binance co-CEO Richard Teng confirmed that the exchange's own hot wallet had been affected.

"User assets are held under Binance's established security architecture," he said. "The vast majority sits in cold wallets", which are kept offline for secure storage, "and are only moved into a hot wallet when a user makes withdrawal."

Teng said Binance's technology and security teams were continuing to investigate the incident. He added that the attack was not carried out by a single person and involved complex tactics, including a "self-destruct mechanism" that had made the investigation more difficult.

"We are working with law enforcement, blockchain intelligence firms, token issuers and other exchanges to trace and recover stolen funds," Teng said.

"We will do everything within our power to make sure that these bad actors will be held accountable."

Binance said deposits had not been affected. Withdrawals, however, had been suspended and were expected to resume within the following one or two days.